Bonding with baby

The process of bonding with your newborn helps lay the foundation for a loving parent-child relationship. Expectant mothers and new parents often expect that bonding will happen the moment they lay eyes on their baby – but that’s not always the case. Learn some of the best ways to build a deep and intentional connection with your newborn.

What “bonding with baby” means

Bonding is the intense attachment that develops between parents and their baby over time. Some parents may feel bonded with their baby instantly, but bonding is actually a gradual process that happens over time. 

During this process, parents learn how to understand and respond to their baby’s cues, creating a sense of love, security, and trust. Research shows that bonding is crucial for a baby’s emotional, social, and cognitive development, teaching them how to feel loved, safe, and confident.

Bonding time builds relationships

The bonds built during the first months of a baby’s life are what make new parents shower them with love and affection and protect them at all costs. It’s bonding that makes you get up in the middle of the night to feed your hungry baby – no matter how exhausted you are – and learn the meaning behind your newborn’s wide range of cries.

But for your baby, the bonds formed with you provide their very first model for relationships. The feelings of love and trust that come with bonding will likely impact how they build relationships with others for years to come. Bonding also gives your baby a sense of security and safety, allowing them to explore the world with self-esteem and confidence.

Let’s explore how new parents can build a deep and intentional connection with their newborn – and why the attachment bonds you crave might not happen right away.

The first hours after childbirth

Whether you give birth in a hospital, at home, or welcome your baby as adoptive parents, there are many special moments that can enhance new bonding right away. Researchers have labeled the first hours after childbirth as the “sensitive period,” especially the immediate post-birth period when both mom and baby are highly responsive and attuned to one another.

During this time, new moms have high levels of oxytocin – a hormone that plays a crucial role in bonding by producing feelings of affection and closeness. This hormone also helps reduce stress and anxiety for both mom and baby, creating a calming and nurturing environment.

New babies also have high levels of catecholamines after birth. Designed to help the baby adapt to the physical stress of being born, these hormones also encourage bonding by making the baby more alert and attentive.

It’s important to remember that while the first hours after childbirth are significant, there is no timeline for bonding with your baby. For many parents, the process continues over days, weeks, months, or even years.

What if you can’t bond right after birth? 

Rest assured that your relationship with your baby will not be harmed by an inability to bond during the first hours of their life. There are many reasons why new parents might not be able to bond with their baby immediately after birth, such as:

• You are recovering from a long or difficult birth – After a complicated birth, you may have little energy to spare, even for cuddling your newborn. Take time to rest and relax before you bond with your baby – your health is equally important.

• Your newborn needs medical attention – If your newborn needs medical attention or is sent to the NICU, it can delay the bonding process. The same goes for premature babies, who often require immediate care after birth.

• You are experiencing postpartum depression – Postpartum depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues can impact your ability to bond with your baby after birth. Be sure to seek professional help if you need it.

• You are an adoptive parent – Perhaps you were not present for your baby’s birth. However, parents who adopt babies and older children can still develop normal attachment bonds with them.

Even without these factors, it’s still not uncommon for parents to struggle with bonding with their newborn instantly after birth. A lack of immediate bonding does not make you a bad parent – and it certainly doesn’t mean that you won’t eventually bond with your baby.

How sleep deprivation affects bonding 

Sleep deprivation plays a major role in your ability to bond with your baby. Sleep-deprived parents often have trouble feeling close to their newborns, and it’s natural to feel irritable, sluggish, and even resentful of your baby at times.

If you are experiencing postpartum depression or anxiety, sleep deprivation can make it worse – making it even harder to feel connected to your baby. Tired parents may also struggle to read and respond to their baby’s cues, which is vital for bonding. 

If this all sounds familiar, congratulations – you’re a perfectly normal parent. While sleepless nights with your newborn may seem endless at first, there are steps you can take to manage sleep deprivation and improve bonding with your baby:

• Make sleep a priority – Try to sleep whenever the baby sleeps, even if it’s just a short nap. Prioritizing rest is crucial for new parents.

• Ask others for help – Let family and friends take over as often as possible so you can get some uninterrupted sleep. Don’t want to give up time with your baby? Ask them to help with meals, cleaning, or errands instead.

• Practice self-care – Relaxing activities like gentle exercise, meditation, or massage can work wonders for new mothers.

• Get professional support – If sleep deprivation is severely impacting your mental health or ability to bond with your newborn, get professional support right away.

The best newborn activities to bond with baby

As a new parent, it can take a while to understand your newborn and the many ways you can interact with them. The good news is that most infants are ready to bond right away. The most important exchanges you have at first are related to: 

• Touch

• Sight

• Sound

• Smell

Here are some of the best ways to begin building a deep and intentional connection with your newborn from the start.

Skin-to-skin contact

Skin-to-skin contact (also known as “kangaroo care”) involves holding your newborn on your bare chest, in your bare arms, or with a newborn carrier that mimics the soft feeling of skin. The first skin-to-skin contact usually occurs immediately after birth but can and should continue throughout infancy.

Frequent skin-to-skin contact promotes the release of endorphins – the “feel-good” chemicals in the body that are natural mood boosters – and helps regulate your newborn’s temperature and heart rate. Skin-to-skin contact is also associated with improved sleep and weight gain.

An extra bonus: babies who receive skin-to-skin contact are also more likely to latch on and breastfeed successfully.

Touching

Touch is the first sense your baby develops in utero, starting around 7-8 weeks of pregnancy. Once your baby is born, touch also plays a key role in the bonding process as you cuddle, hold, feed, bathe, and soothe them. Touch your newborn as much as possible to reap the benefits.

Feeding

Feeding time is another excellent opportunity for infant bonding. Observe your baby closely during breastfeeding or bottle-feeding, so you can learn their cues for hunger and satisfaction. Many parents say there’s nothing better than holding a happy, well-fed baby.

Eye contact

Eye contact is a fundamental way that newborns connect with their parents and learn about the world around them. When you make eye contact with your baby, your brain activity synchronizes, strengthening your bond together. These shared gazes also release oxytocin, which helps cement the parent-child bond even further.

Using your voice

Fetuses can begin to hear sounds outside the mother’s body as early as 6-7 months in utero, which is a good time to begin talking, reading, or singing lullabies to your growing baby. After birth, the familiar sound of your voice brings your newborn comfort.

Talk to your baby as often as you can in soothing, reassuring tones. Tell them what you are doing at that moment, or tell them your favorite memories and stories. Even if they don’t understand what you are saying, talking to your newborn can have a big impact on your bond and also helps build their language skills later.

Holding your baby close 

Newborns are naturally drawn to their mother’s scent as well, often preferring clothing or blankets used by the mother that carry her scent. This scent acts as a safety signal for your baby, which not only calms them but encourages interaction with others as well.

Housework can wait. Instead, hold your baby close and spend quality time with them when you can.

Bonding and spoiling are not the same

The notion that a baby will be spoiled by parents who respond to their cries is a myth. When parents respond to their baby’s distress, it helps build security and trust between them. Experts agree that it’s impossible to spoil a newborn by responding to their basic needs – so you can do so to your heart’s content.

Bonding isn’t just for moms

Although we have focused on new parents here, both parents and siblings (under supervision) can and should participate in the bonding process with your newborn. Dads and siblings often yearn for closer contact with the baby, which can happen by doing things like:

• Being present for labor and delivery

• Bottle-feeding or changing diapers

• Holding the baby

• Talking, reading, or singing to the baby

• Using a front baby carrier to keep the baby close

When to seek help 

But what if it doesn’t seem to be working? Always consult a primary care provider early on if you sense the bonding process is not going well. Your Pediatric Associates clinician can help with parent-child bonding issues as early as your baby’s first office visit.

Again, a newborn whose basic needs are being met won’t suffer if your bond isn’t strong at first. Bonding is a complex, personal experience that takes longer for some parents than others. There’s no magic formula and bonding with your baby cannot be forced – but as time passes, it will likely become one of the most special relationships of your life.